Outcome Research in Environmental Education: A Critical Review

Articles
Leeming, F. C., Dwyer, W. O., Porter, B. E. & Cobern, M. K. (1993). Outcome research in environmental education: A critical review. Journal of Environmental Education, 24, 4, 8-21.
Reviewed 34 environmental education studies published since 1974 that attempted to demonstrate changes in environmentally relevant knowledge, attitudes, or behaviors. The studies …

Changing Attitudes toward Energy Conservation: The Effect of Development Advancement on the Salience of One-Sided and Two-Sided Persuasive Communications

Articles
Koballa, T. R. (1984). Changing attitudes toward energy conservation: The effect of development advancement on the salience of one-sided and two-sided persuasive communications. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 21, 6, 659-668.
Tested the effect of 1-sided (favorable argument only) and 2-sided (both favorable and unfavorable arguments) persuasive messages about energy conservation (EC) on attitudes towar…

The Meaning of Normative Processes for Energy Conservation

Articles
Midden, C. J. & Ritsema, B. S. (1983). The meaning of normative processes for energy conservation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 4, 1-2, 37-55.
A national survey of 1,076 people was conducted in the Netherlands on attitudes, beliefs, norms, intentions, and behavior with respect to energy conservation. The questionnaire wa…

U.S. Consumer Attitudes and Home-Heating Conservation Behavior: A Multiattribute Longitudinal Model

Articles
Karns, D. A. & Khera, I. P. (1983). U.S. consumer attitudes and home-heating conservation behavior: A multiattribute longitudinal model. Journal of Economic Psychology, 4, 1-2, 57-70.
Reports a longitudinal analysis of residential energy conservation by 519 residents in a medium-size US metropolitan community. Mail panel surveys were conducted during winter mon…

Factors Affecting Energy Consumption: Two Field Tests of the Fishbein-Ajzen Model

Articles
Stutzman, T. M. & Green, S. B. (1982). Factors affecting energy consumption: Two field tests of the Fishbein-Ajzen model. Journal of Social Psychology, 117, 2, 183-201.
113 undergraduates and 506 consumers (primarily 26-55 yrs old) in a statewide sample participated in 2 studies that investigated the relationship among variables defined by situat…

Shame and Embarrassment as Deterrents to Noncompliance with the Law: The Case of an Antilittering Campaign

Articles
Grasmick, H. G., Bursik, R. J. & Kinsey, K. A. (1991). Shame and embarrassment as deterrents to noncompliance with the law: The case of an antilittering campaign. Environment and Behavior, 23, 2, 233-251.
Presents data supporting the hypothesis that threats of shame, a self-imposed punishment, and threats of embarrassment, a socially imposed punishment, function much like threats o…

A Company-Based Lottery to Reduce the Personal Driving of Employees

Articles
Foxx, R. M. & Schaeffer, M. H. (1981). A company-based lottery to reduce the personal driving of employees. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 3, 273-285.
83 employees of a research and consulting firm were divided into experimental and contrast groups. The experimental design involved a baseline in which no consequences were attach…

Voluntary Simplicity Lifestyles and Energy Conservation

Articles
Leonard-Barton, D. (1981). Voluntary simplicity lifestyles and energy conservation. Journal of Consumer Research, 8, 3, 243-252.
Presents a behavioral index for measuring an individual's tendency toward a lifestyle of voluntary simplicity, characterized by ecological awareness, attempts to become more self-…

A Community-Based Gasoline Conservation Project: Practical and Methodological Considerations

Articles
Hake, D. F. & Zane, T. (1981). A community-based gasoline conservation project: Practical and methodological considerations. Behavior Modification, 5, 4, 435-458.
Tested whether a community-based project, as opposed to previous college-based or one-location based studies, was feasible in terms of recruiting participants, their cooperativene…

Consumer Adaptation to Gasoline Price Increases

Articles
Pitts, R. E., Willenborg, J. F. & Sherrell, D. L. (1981). Consumer adaptation to gasoline price increases. Journal of Consumer Research, 8, 3, 322-330.
Results from the present longitudinal study provide new evidence on household response to gasoline price increases from 1973 to 1979. 260 household members of a consumer panel exh…
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